The lungs are responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and bloodstream. When we inhale, air enters the lungs and reaches the alveoli, tiny sacs surrounded by capillaries. Oxygen passes into the blood, while carbon dioxide (a waste gas) moves from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled.

Breathing is controlled by the diaphragm and brainstem. Healthy lungs are crucial for energy and survival. Smoking, pollution, or lung diseases can impair this function. Staying active, avoiding smoking, and breathing clean air can protect lung health over time.