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How does the immune system protect the body from infections and diseases?
Updated: 11-Apr-2025

The immune system defends the body against harmful invaders like bacteria, viruses, and toxins. It’s made up of white blood cells, lymph nodes, the spleen, and other organs. It recognizes pathogens using specialized cells (like T-cells and B-cells) and attacks them through inflammation, antibody production, or direct destruction.

It remembers past infections for quicker responses next time. Vaccinations help by training the immune system without causing disease. A strong immune system depends on adequate sleep, nutrition, exercise, and stress management. Chronic illness or autoimmune disorders can impair immune function, requiring medical management.

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