How do the lungs function during the process of breathing?

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Updated: 11-Apr-2025

Lungs are responsible for gas exchange—oxygen in, carbon dioxide out. When you inhale, air travels through the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles to alveoli (tiny air sacs). Oxygen from air passes into the bloodstream, while carbon dioxide from the blood moves into alveoli to be exhaled.

This exchange occurs via diffusion across thin membranes. The diaphragm and chest muscles help inflate and deflate the lungs. Proper lung function is essential for cellular respiration and energy production

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