Common cyber threats include malware, phishing, ransomware, spyware, and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. Malware damages or disables systems. Phishing tricks users into revealing sensitive data. Ransomware encrypts files and demands payment to restore access. Spyware secretly monitors user activity. DoS attacks overwhelm systems to shut them down.

Other threats include man-in-the-middle attacks, zero-day exploits, and credential stuffing. These threats target individuals, businesses, and even nations. Many originate from organized cybercrime groups or state-sponsored hackers. Understanding these threats is the first defense. Staying informed, using strong passwords, and practicing caution online are critical to preventing cybercrime in everyday digital life.